Catalytic reforming
Catalytic reforming- the process of processing low-octane gasoline fractions on a platinum-containing catalyst, as a result of which the octane number increases and aromatic hydrocarbons are formed.
Purpose
Reforming solves two problems: it obtains a high-octane gasoline component and produces aromatics - benzene, toluene, xylenes - which serves as a petrochemical feedstock. At the same time, the process produces hydrogen-containing gas, which is used in adjacent hydrotreating plants.
Chemistry
- dehydrogenation of naphthenes into aromatic hydrocarbons;
- dehydrocyclization of paraffins to form aromatics;
- isomerization of paraffins and naphthenes;
- hydrocracking of heavy components with the formation of light gases.
Conditions and catalysts
The process temperature is approximately 480–530 °C, the pressure is 1.5–3.5 MPa, the catalyst is platinum on aluminum oxide with promoters. Modern schemes use continuous catalyst regeneration, which allows maintaining high activity and reducing pressure.
Raw materials and products
The raw material is straight-run gasoline fraction, usually 80–180 °C. Products: reformate with a research octane number of 95–102, hydrogen-containing gas, light fraction and aromatic concentrate. To isolate individual aromatic hydrocarbons, the reformate is sent for extraction and rectification.
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